Intercultural communication (1)

Intercultural sensitivity refers to emotional openness to diverse perspectives and the ability to recognize and appreciate cultural differences. Intercultural competence builds on this foundation by requiring systematic self-reflection and a professional stance that values differing perspectives. Together, these competencies foster empathy, curiosity, and respect, and enable professionals to communicate adequately and respond constructively to cultural differences in order to ensure equally high-quality care for all.

Patients with a migration background face certain difficulties (access barriers, organisational and insurance problems) in the health care system. Communication barriers are a key contributing factor often associated with poorer quality of healthcare.

Challenges in intercultural communication include:

• Language barriers

• Different role expectations: In some cultures, physician-patient relationships are more paternalistic and the role of the family may differ. Shared decision-making may conflict with these expectations.

• Different subjective health beliefs: Concepts of illness and how to talk about it vary. E.g. in some cultures, emotions are rarely discussed, and depression may present mainly as physical symptoms. The spiritual and religious background may also influence health beliefs.